| Member Profile : Neha Gondal |
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 | Contact Information | Address: -Map Me-
Neha Gondal
Rutgers University, Sociology
26 Nichol Avenue
New Brunswick, NJ, United States 08901
Phone : 9086726097
Fax : 7329326067
E-mail : ngondal@sociology.rutgers.edu
Website : www.nehagondal.com
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| Sunbelt XXX - June 29 to July 04, 2010 - Riva del Garda Fierecongressi | | Abstract : Discerning Meaning in the Complex Structure of Multiple Networks: An Exponential Random Graph Approach |
| In this paper, we attempt to derive the different meanings given to a particular type of tie by different actors from the structure of the network itself. We argue that differences in the meaning given to a type of tie—in this case, personal lending—arise from the way ostensibly similar actors are differentially exposed to disparate contexts, including different exogenous network domains, within a social ecology of multiple networks. Our argument is based on a descriptive and Exponential Random Graph Model analysis of a network of over 3500 personal loans involving over 2200 persons in Renaissance Florence. Within this large directed network, we find the existence of a strong component consisting of 301 nodes and 703 ties. We demonstrate that lending outside the strong component was sparser, unreciprocated, and typically conducted within family, in accordance with traditional Florentine mores about lending. Ties within the strong component, in contrast, were embedded in more complex structures of reciprocation, cyclicity, and transitivity, and participants were significantly more frequently exposed to participation in the world of Florentine business and public administration. Thus one part of Florentine lending was traditional, and another part commercialized. ERGM reveals that a two-way mixed model approach, one that combines features of Markov and Realization Dependent models, as well as one with structural and attributional effects provides the best possible fit to this ‘real-world’ network of directed ties. In addition, the models demonstrate that higher order triangulation effects are crucial to obtaining converging models and good fits. |
| Abstract : Marriage Networks and Political Power in Poland, 1500-1795 |
| In patrimonial political regimes, marriage is a crucial instrument of political alliance formation. This was especially pervasively true in early modern Poland, where the monarchy was exceedingly weak and political power devolved to several dozen regionally influential magnate families. This paper traces the dynamic development of marriage alliance structure in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on a dataset of over 3100 marriages contracted by Polish elite families between 1500 and 1795. Previous work on this data has generated only static pictures and very coarse-grained periodization. This paper employs SONiA to generate a more evolving, decade-by-decade representation of the network. Data on individuals’ and families’ region of origin and their political capital (in the form of senatorial offices held) is used to label nodes, in order to trace inter-regional consolidation and to identify core action locales within the network. |
| Abstract : With(out) a Little Help from my Siblings: A Cross-National Investigation of the Relationship between Sibsize and Personal Networks |
| In this paper, I analyze the relationship between the number of siblings one has (sibsize) and the number, form, and variety of an individual’s network of relationships. In addition, I examine some of its culturally-situated implications for community structure. There are two reasons to expect sibsize to be related to sociation. Structurally speaking, sibsize has a direct bearing on the size of one’s family. And, if fertility rates persist over a period of time, then sibsize also has a bearing on the size of one’s extended family. One’s choice of alters for various needs like borrowing money, assistance during an illness, or just for companionship is likely to be conditional on the size of one’s family. Secondly, in accordance with Simmel, the dynamics and subjective experiences of social interaction are highly contingent upon the number of sociated individuals. Thus, childhood socialization is likely to be contingent upon the number of siblings one interacts with on a daily basis. These early socialization experiences could have a lasting effect on a person’s interactional conduct in a variety of other settings. Using binary logistic regression on cross-national data from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP), I demonstrate that net of socioeconomic status, marital status, gender, and age, people with three or fewer siblings sociate differently from people with four or more siblings. An initial cluster analysis divides the thirty countries in the ISSP into five cultural regimes. Regression results that are robust across the five regimes indicate that people with few siblings are significantly more likely to abstain from participating in civic and voluntary organizations. They are also less likely to be socially embedded in their neighborhood. They are considerably less likely to rely on their siblings, and more likely to rely on their parents for a broad range of social support, and upon their friends and neighbors for emotional support. In cultures with a general orientation towards secondary-kin, people with few siblings are also relatively more likely to draw on extended-kin ties for support. The paper concludes with some implications of these results for community structure. |
| Sunbelt XXXI - February 08 to February 13, 2011 - Trade Winds Beach Resort
http://www.tradewindsresort.com/
St. Pete Beach | | Abstract : Identities in Action: Modeling Local Processes in Political Mobilization using Tripartite ERG Models |
| We investigate the relationship between identities and action in political mobilization by examining how group memberships influence individual and group participation in events. Using a tripartite extension of exponential random graph (p*) models for relational data structures, we examine how local interdependencies between memberships, attendance and representation contribute to individual and group action at social movement events. We use these models to examine the role of leaders and organizations at two different stages in the 1992 Brazilian impeachment movement. Our findings suggest the importance of latent or suppressed identities and brokerage-style mediation for broad-based coalition building in response to mobilizing events. |
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